Počítačová animace měkkých tkání obratlovců

Forward kinematics, inverse kinematics, skeleton model, articulated structure, deformation model, physically-based simulation, layered construction, biomechanical models, finite element theory

Most of computer animation systems used for animating vertebrates was developed for real-time applications or real-time human-computer interaction. These systems thus incorporate very simple human body model which, sometimes, is not based on physical laws. Usually so called ``inverse solution'' to human surface visulaization is used. Animator describes the motion of the skeleton; from such motion description the resulting muscle, fatty tissue and finally skin deformations are computed. Smaller amount of work was done on so called ``natural solution'' to this problem, i.e. on simulation of muscle activities due to neural stimulation which yields in both: skeleton motion and human surface deformation. This paper deals with biomechanically-based model of musculo-tendon unit for realistic animation and simulation of human body motion and deformation using ``natural'' approach.