Publication Details

Written Term Detection Improves Spoken Term Detection

YUSUF, B.; SARAÇLAR, M. Written Term Detection Improves Spoken Term Detection. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON AUDIO, SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING, 2024, vol. 32, no. 06, p. 3213-3223. ISSN: 2329-9290.
Czech title
Detekce psaných pojmů zlepšuje detekci mluvených pojmů
Type
journal article
Language
English
Authors
Yusuf Bolaji (DCGM)
SARAÇLAR, M.
URL
Keywords

Keyword search, spoken term detection, keyword spotting, end-to-end keyword search, multitask learning, domain adaptation, masked language modeling.

Abstract

End-to-end (E2E) approaches to keyword search
(KWS) are considerably simpler in terms of training and indexing
complexity when compared to approaches which use the output of
automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. This simplification
however has drawbacks due to the loss of modularity. In partic-
ular, where ASR-based KWS systems can benefit from external
unpaired text via a language model, current formulations of E2E
KWS systems have no such mechanism. Therefore, in this paper,
we propose a multitask training objective which allows unpaired
text to be integrated into E2E KWS without complicating indexing
and search. In addition to training an E2E KWS model to retrieve
text queries from spoken documents, we jointly train it to retrieve
text queries from masked written documents. We show empirically
that this approach can effectively leverage unpaired text for KWS,
with significant improvements in search performance across a wide
variety of languages. We conduct analysis which indicates that
these improvements are achieved because the proposed method
improves document representations for words in the unpaired text.
Finally, we show that the proposed method can be used for domain
adaptation in settings where in-domain paired data is scarce or
nonexistent.

Published
2024
Pages
3213–3223
Journal
IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON AUDIO, SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING, vol. 32, no. 06, ISSN 2329-9290
DOI
UT WoS
001256333200007
EID Scopus
BibTeX
@article{BUT193391,
  author="YUSUF, B. and SARAÇLAR, M.",
  title="Written Term Detection Improves Spoken Term Detection",
  journal="IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON AUDIO, SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING",
  year="2024",
  volume="32",
  number="06",
  pages="3213--3223",
  doi="10.1109/TASLP.2024.3407476",
  issn="2329-9290",
  url="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10571348"
}
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